Its effect maranao culture free essay sample

In our paper which is â€Å"Modern Life: Its Effect in Maranao Culture’’ the member of this group are all Maranaos which is we can all relate to the topic, it has many changes nowadays in our generation, the Maranao was slightly lost because of new technology and by the affection of some adapting other culture. As a one of Maranao youth, we are the one who let our tradition to forget our tradition of cultures. In this case, people who belong to this culture must know what she/he should do. Which we can found out about traditions, fashion and styles, food etc. and look back from past to present, we can realize that some of this were already forgotten and hidden through the effects of the modern life which Maranao’s are adopting the other tradition and culture. We as youth of this culture, we are focusing to our culture to highlight this case for us to be aware of this changing environment of the people. We will write a custom essay sample on Its effect maranao culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition, we would like to measure how the culture is far from primitive life of Maranao and encourage ourselves to be aware to this problem. Is this modern life affecting the image of MARANAO CULTURE? Are maranao youth is concern to this situation? Otherwise, how can we handle and improve this case. II. KNOWLEDGE ABOUT MARANAO CULTURE A. According to Education The past culture of the maranao is uneducated they don’t know how to write and how to read in this since that they believed that education is not important in their lives, they don’t care about education the most important of them is money, and also they are very strict in terms of money. Most of their parents do not agree in education and they cannot send their children in school because most of them believe that even though you are professional you cannot earn money, and they are jobless. Not like now the most the maranao really want their children to finish the college degree, and even though there is no wealth to leave for them. The important is the education for them, there is a time that wealth can let from you and remember that your knowledge or education is always there to help you to become a better person. As a Muslim, we all know that our parents are not always there hoping for this money or wealth, we cannot stand for our foot. So let us stand by our own feet by educating ourselves. B. According to Fashion style Malong- a malong bearing â€Å"okir† designs. Meanwhile, the malong is a traditional â€Å"tube skirt† made of hard woven or machine-made multi-colored cotton cloth, bearing a variety of geometric or okir design. The malong is akin to the sarong worn by people in Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia. The malong is traditionally used as a garment by numerous tribes in the southern Philippines and sulu archipelago. Usually, hand woven malongs made by Maranaos, Maguindanao, and t’boli Weavers on a back strap loom. The pattern or style of the malong may indicate the weaver’s tribal origin, such as the Maranao malong landap. Very rare malong design and styles can indicate the village in which the malong was made, for example, the extremely intricate malong rawatan made only by handful or maranao weavers in Lanao del sur, Mindanao. Hand woven malongs, which are costly malong, are likely to be used only at social function to display the social and economic status of the wearer. While modern malongs are made of cotton and lurex threads. Some contemporary hand woven malongs are made of expensive rayon thread, to reduce the manufacturing cost to the weaver and ultimate cost to the consumer. There are many gardens of cotton thread, and cost of the malong can also be every by using the uses grades of cotton thread, or by creating a loose coarse weave. Machine-made printed cotton malongs are made in Indonesia specifically for export to the Philippines and are commonly referred to as â€Å"Batik† because the item is imported those in expensive machine made malongs are used for very purpose. The malongs can function as a skirt for both men and women, a dress, blanket, a sunshade, a bed sheet, a dressing room, a hammock, a prayer mat and other purpose it new born is wrapped in a malong, and as grows this piece of cloth become a part of his daily life. When he is dies, he is once again wrapped in a malong. Among traditional tribal peoples, the malong is used in everyday life. Even if an areas where people wear western style clothing during the day, the malong commonly used as sleepwear. The malong is also use in very big festivals; they wear this to show respect. C. According to Rites / Rituals Kinship System. There are special practices in the address system when one deals with the royalty and nobility (i. e. the datu and salip). One never or seldom refers to a datu as Datu X. The normal practice is to use teknonymy, i. e. by reference to his first child. Thus, Datu X should be called Bapaq ni Y. Among the nobility, bapaq is preferred to the more common ama. Courtship and Marriage. Marriage in Maranaw society is not just a simple romantic one-to-one relationship between boy and girl; rather, it is a fusion by affinal ties of two families seeking to establish socioeconomic and political relations with one another. Traditional marriage has therefore always been contracted through parents, although the practice is slowly becoming modified to conform with the times. It is, therefore, clear why the reckoning of the salsila, genealogical record, occupies a significant niche in the Maranaw mind. In fact, in considering marriage, what the pananalsila salsila expert says or reveals about the lineage of the parties concerned can become crucial in the decision to proceed with the marriage or not. It is part of ones group consciousness or pride (maratabat) to see the individuals marriage establishes strong family relations. The fact that the Maranao marriage involves more than just two individuals makes it a big social event from the start. The exchanges of poetic ballads (bayok) and courtship language (kadadaonga) between the parties involved, through go-betweens and spokesmen, become a form of nightly entertainment for the entire village. People congregate and socialize on these occasions. It may not even be too far-fetched to assume that gatherings like this contribute to the development of social cohesiveness within the village or between the two villages to which the two families belong. If the negotiations on the bride-price (sunggod) goes smoothly, the parties determine the wedding date and the various details of the wedding celebration. As the wedding day (kambitiara) draws near, arches are built and buntings of various sizes and shapes are hung. For at least a week before the kambitiara, kulintang music accompanied bossed gongs and drums create an atmosphere of festivities. Sports, like the kasipa sa manggis (a game of skill, the aim of which is to drop a suspended cube by kicking a rattan ball) is indulged in. And finally, on the wedding day itself, the groom arrives in a very colorful procession, attired in the most expensive wedding costume the family can afford. The wedding rite (kakawing) itself is simple. The imam holds his thumb up with the thumb of the groom and covers them with a white handkerchief. He recites a prayer from a Holy Quran, gives advice to the groom, and asks the consent of the womans parents. This done, he searches for the bride who has been hidden all this time somewhere in the house. When he finds her, he touches or kisses her forehead, marking the beginning of the couples marital life. D. According to Tradition Maranao is the term used for the people of lanao, a predominantly Muslim region in the Philippines islands of Mindanao. They are famous for their artworks, sophisticated weaving, wood, and metal craft, and their epic literature. The word Maranao, also spelled Maranaw, means â€Å"people of the lake† referring to the indigenous people who inhabited the lands around lake lanao whose principal town is Marawi city. The Maranaos are part of the wider moro ethnic group, whose constitute the sixth largest Filipino ethnic group. The life of the Maranao is centered on Lake Lanao, the largest in Mindanao, and the second largest and deepest lake in the Philippines. This breathtaking beautiful lake surrounded with myths and legends, it is the main source of fisheries, and the main source of hydroelectric plant installed on it, and the Agus River that generates 70% of the electricity used by the people of Mindanao. A-commanding view of the lake is offered by Marawi city, the provincial capital. a. Language Maranaos is an Austronesian language spoken by the maranao people in the province of Lanao Del Norte and Lanao Del Sur in the Philippines. The language of these people is called Maranaw or Maranao. The difference is only a matter of spelling. The term Iranon, if used, refers to a speech variant of Maranaw. In 1948, the Census stated that there were 135,241 who were able to speak Maranaw. In 1960, the number of mother-tongue speakers was 150,674. In 1970, this figure increased to 541,838. b. Art and Musical heritage Maranaw art is very distinctive. Mats and cloth from Lanao are decked in flamboyant colors. Intricate traditional designs grace the peoples gleaming brassware and handicraft. The Maranaws weave not only cloth and mats but also bags, centerpieces, placemats, and unique neckties. Sarimanok is a legendary bird of the Maranao that has become a ubiquitous symbol of their art. It is depected as a fowl with colourful wings and fethered tail, holding a fish on its beak or talons. The head is profusely decorated with scroll, leaf, and spiral motifs. It is said to be a symbol of good fortune. The native Maranao have a fascinating culture that revolves around kulintang music, a specific type of going music, found among both muslim and non- muslim group of southern Philippines. Biyola is another instrument for the Maranao people to use Biyola is a string instrument. Music is another important part of the culture. However, it should be noted that there is a distinction between music for rituals, which is basically vocal without instruments, and music for entertainment. Kulintang (brass gongs), kagandang (war drums), ceremonial dances and kambaioka (singers or chanters of improvised poetic compositions) are played on various occasions. The gabbang is similar to a xylophone, whilesuling and saunay are wind instruments. The biyula is a string instrument, and the kulintangan is an ensemble of gongs and drums. The kudyapi is a two-stringed lute plucked to make beautiful sounds. The kubing (jew’s harp) is made of bamboo and believed to make words and tell stories, if the audience could understand the language of music. Moro musicality is also seen in songs and dances. For the Tausug, there are songs called kissa , which tell about the love of datus and princesses, while heroic songs are contained in parang sibil. The Maranao kandidiagaois a melodious lament over the dead. There are five major types of songs for the Maranao. The kambaiok is the free rhythmic rendering of the baiok, which is improvised poetry. Kandarangen is accompanied by a gong or other similar instruments. Kadikir is sung by singers in slow, free rhythm and speaks of verses from the Qur’an and Maranao compositions with topics on Islam, morals, life, and death. Kandomana is a combination of styles of Kandarangen and Kadikir. Lastly, kapranon is a song of private sentimentality sung softly. c. Cuisine Exquisite Maranao cuisine and hospitality are palpable. They are known of having a spicy taste in their foods. A condenment made of traditionally cultivated spices, locally known, as Palapa is one of their distinguished cuisine symbols. It is made of stewed scallion bulbs or â€Å"Sakurab’’ in Maranao. They thinly sliced scallion bulbs and ginger are caramelized by slow cooking and mixed with chilies little coconut oil. Paganamaranao is their native way to welcome special guests and visitors. This is a customary and traditional conduct depicting their innate hospitality, carried out in and ilegant festivity and gaitey in a manner acceptable to Islamic laws and principles. Generally, during paganamaranao, both the hosts and the guests are expectedly well dressed in maranao or tutubs, the maranao’s native dress. Maranao recipes are so rich that it talks about life itself. Suffice it to say that the recipes are intertwined with the life cycle rites and rituals of all aspects of maranao society and culture: from birth to death. In other words, food cannot be separated with daily life activities because food is life itself. III. CAUSES AND EFFECTS IN MARANAO CULTURE A. Causes of Maranao culture Maranao teenagers are easily attracted to modern lifestyle. There are lot of thing that get their attraction and they can’t stop their temptation. They are also being influenced by the new technology. Having lack of information and interest to the culture. B. Effect in Maranao culture Many things had change in Maranao culture. They way how Maranao dress up, the way they talk, and also the way they act. As times pass by, Maranao people forget their culture and practices. Nowadays, a Maranao teenager keeps imitating modern lifestyle. You can barely see Maranao teenagers girls wearing a â€Å"Kumbong or Veil† they even wear sexy dresses, compare before Maranao, girls are so polite and shyly, you can see them everywhere. But now, Maranao girls are so careless in their moves. They even hang out with boys. Before having a special relationship (boyfriend/girlfriend) is not allowed to the Maranao culture. You can be with the person you unless you are married. Parental is being followed by the Maranao people before, it’s a tradition but now parents actually had given the freedom to their children/ child to choose the person whom they want to be with. As generation pass by, maranao people seems to forget some of their practices like playing kulintang or other Maranao instruments. Nowadays, we can safely say that only 3 out of 10 Maranao teenagers are willing to learn Maranao practices (like playing kulintang or dance kapamalong malong, singkil, and etc. ) they chose to learn modern dances, and play instruments like guitars, drum, piano, and etc. which is a lot of different from before. IV. RESURLT ACCORDING TO SURVEY Based on our research, this is the result of the following question answered by the Maranao youth. These will show their opinions about how the modern life affects the moral value of Maranaos. Questions have shown by chart to clarify the percentage of the majority answers by the interviewees. 1. Has the modern life effect the moral value of the Maranaos? One of our basic questions was how the modern life effects the moral value of the Maranaos. The chart below shows the answer percentage of the youth we had surveyed, 90% of them answered yes while only 10% answered no. Obviously, the major answer is saying that the modern life is usually affecting the moral value of the Maranao culture. 2. Does it ruin some of the Maranao customs? Secondly, is a question about how does the modern life ruin some of the Maranao customs, 80% of them answered yes while 20% answered no. Therefore, the major answer is saying that the modern life ruin some of the Maranao customs. 3. Do you think wearing hijab nowadays matter? The question about how wearing hijab nowadays matter, 50% of the Maranao youth answered yes and the same 50% also answered no. Therefore, the result is averagely fair for the people. 4. Do you think Maranao women care for how they are treated now in the society? Base on the chart below, the pole is saying that most of the Maranao women do not care on how they are treated now in the society. 5. Do you think the Maranao youth today still knows the rituals practiced by the ancestors? 6. Do you think the modern world greatly increases the possibility for the Maranao youth to change? Another question was asking the youth if there is a possibility for Maranao youth to change. Majority answered yes, there still a chance for maranao to change while only 40% said no. 7. Do you think still some of the generation today knows how to dance Maranao tribal dances? The ideas of the youth we had interviewed emphasized on the chart below that the generation today mostly do not know how to dance the Maranao tribal dances. 8. Do you think the generations of today are interested in participating how to use maranao instrument? The same as in the question no. 7, the majority answer of the youth is no. Generation today is not interested in participating how to use maranao instrument. 9. Do you think the generation of today also cares about studying how the industry of maranao arts and crafts work? Another one, the answer of the youth on our question â€Å"do you think the generation of today also cares about studying how the industry of Maranao arts and crafts work† is no. Meaning, it is true that most of the Maranaos today is not interested studying the Maranao arts and crafts. V. CONCLUSION Therefore, Maranao culture was affected by this life changing. Through temptation and imitations, Maranaos are easily attracted to other things that can cause of this affection unlike the recipes, fashion, and style in Maranao culture little by little forgotten it. And also influenced by the new technology not only modern technology that we influence others but we do dress we have forgotten its own tradition in fashion and as well as the behaviors. Nowadays they should be aware to this problem. Unfortunately, protect our culture while not too late, apparently, because we have neglected our culture to what we see in others. This way it will not completely forget the customary tradition.

Crevecoeur essays

Crevecoeur essays St. John de Crevecoeur, a French Agriculturalist, came over to America in the mid eighteenth century. He wrote the Letters From An American Farmer to inform a friend in England about the way of life in the British Colonies of America. Letter IX gives a brief account of Charlestown, South Carolina and the lives of the plantation owners and their slaves. Charlestown is one of the richest colonies in all of America and it is not full of gold or silver but commodities like indigo or rice. These products create an industry far greater than any mines could produce. (223) In order for this industry to prosper, plantation owners need many workers to cover such vast properties. The owners buy slaves that are brought over from Africa to do all the labor on the farm. Crevecoeur visits these plantations and he cannot believe how the slaves are treated. Oh Nature, where art thou?-Are not these blacks thy children as well as we. (227) He cannot understand how the slaves can be treated worse than animals. They are arranged like horses at a fair, they are branded like cattle, and then driven to toil, to starve, to languish for a few years on the different plantations of these citizens. (226) How can these people be so different from us (whites)? Slavery is not new to Crevecoeur but the way the slaves are treated is. The slaves from the northern provinces have as much liberty as their masters. They are fed as well as their owners, when they are sick they are taken care of and they all live under one roof. (230-231) In Charlestown, the situation is much different. The whites eat drink and live contently while doing no work while the slaves eat from the ground, work in the boiling sun, during the warmest hours, raising crops for someone they know not. On one side, their is a people who enjoy all of lifes luxuries while never working and on the other side their are the slaves who have been torn from their families ...

Unorthodox Writing Tips

Unorthodox Writing Tips Unorthodox Writing Tips If you’ve ever stared at a blank page, trying to conjure the right words and coming up empty, you’re not alone. Many writers, despite being passionate about their craft, find the writing process long and challenging. Here are some unorthodox writing tips to try when you’re stuck on a blank page: Begin in the Middle A piece of writing typically starts with an introduction, followed by the body of the piece and the conclusion. However, many writers get stuck at the beginning. You can avoid this by going straight to the body of your piece and writing the introduction last. Take Your Time If inspiration eludes you, perhaps it’s time to put the pen down for an hour or two and allow your mind to wander. Try an activity that does not require much mental effort. A long drive, a walk, or even cleaning the house can get your creative juices flowing. Return to your desk when you’re feeling less frustrated. â€Å"Ramble on!† If this is your first draft, have fun. Let the words flow without censorship and write whatever comes to mind. This gets you â€Å"in the zone† and puts words on the page. You’ll be surprised how good some of them might be. Late, you can edit and refine your work. Remember the Purpose of Writing To set the proper tone, you must know what you want to accomplish. There are three main goals of writing. Knowing into which category your piece falls will help you keep on track. These are: To Inform Informative pieces educate the readers. They are clear, precise, and (most importantly) objective. If you’re writing to inform, leave out your opinions and stick to the facts. To Express Expressive pieces establish human connections, convey values, and contribute to culture. They generally have a more casual tone and structure, and often include feelings and opinions. To Persuade Persuasive pieces are a serious form of writing meant to change the mind of the reader, or at least make them question their stance. A persuasive piece must be backed by reliable sources and based on facts to maintain its credibility. Given the time and effort writing requires, even professional writers experience writer’s block sometimes. Don’t be too hard on yourself if you get stuck. Use these tips, or get assistance from professional writers and editors to complete your piece. If you need help writing papers, is here to help. You can contact us at (647) 436-7280.

Female Style Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Female Style - Essay Example This context seeks to find the truth of this hypothesis by comparing works of two authors. The authors include Rachel Blau DuPlessis, For the Etruscans and Elaine Showalter, Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness and their feminism writing styles respectively. Rachel Blau Duplessis in the book The new feminism Criticism and the Pink Guitar depicts various styles that relate to the women’s way of writing. There is a rich use of rhetorical questions said to a women’s genre.Rhetorical questions have their usage when one wants to capture the concentration of his audience. For example, when she asks about what happened to the girl who met her bereavement (Duplessis, 126). This is a rhetorical question that does not oblige anyone to answer or offer their opinion. Rather, this rehetorical question seeks to compell the readers to reason with the author. The rhetorical question aims at creating suspense that makes readers yearn to find the truth. The author also uses rhetory by asking whether the girl became Estrucans. This is a rhetorical question that requires no answers. Therefore, out of evidence, it is true that women consider using rhetorical questions while writing. The other style that depicts women’s writing is the use of fiction. When the author talks of the fact that he thought that he was a an artist, this depicts fantacy. Women’s writing has the aspect of using fictional writing. Fictional writing is one that explores on things that not practical at present. Therefore, this aspect shows that the women explore on fictional matteres while men exploit factual happenings. Fictions shows that women are prone to speculating issues and hoping for matters. This is the opposite of men who seek to talk about facts as researches reveal. The other aspect that shows women’s writing style is the way Rachel uses the pronouns I and she in her writing (Duplessis,160). She does not use the exact nouns in her writing of women ctriticism. The

How do corporations use e-learning Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How do corporations use e-learning - Term Paper Example based training that is aimed at enhancing their working capabilities and, overcome challenges through putting together different systems, as well as measure their profits on these investments. According to (Zoeller & Berg, 2008), e-learning is any teaching or training via digital technologies as a way of distributing and conveying material or information to employees. From teaching or training videos published on DVDs to computer-based courses, eLearning has developed over the years. On the other hand, with the growth of the Internet, computer-based training has appeared at the top of eLearning, and growing figures of employees are being trained via the World Wide Web at the present (Zoeller & Berg, 2008). Presently business activities in a real-time world are becoming more complex and innovative for instance, presently organizations have competitors appear from the entire areas, innovation rules, knowledge offer more influence than capital, as well as the previous policies no longer be relevant. Presently each business requires a competitive edge in the business. Now organizations want those process, tools, and technique that will offer them the benefits over their marke t competitors. Corporate e-learning solutions and training courses are aimed at providing corporate the business training that is required for staying ahead of as compared to other market competitors (E-learningCenter, 2009) and (Morch, Engen, & Asand, 2004). According to Schweizer (2004), e-learning is putting back face-to-face learning interaction and emerging the trend of e-learning in business or organization. On the other hand, the quality of interaction, a helpful e-learning educational culture, the cost-effectiveness of modern and up-to-date technology, a development of the Internet, an augment in online courses, smaller business cycles, unions and rising competition support business and organization to make use of e-learning (Schweizer, 2004). According to (Commonwealth of Australia,

The political decision-making process Essay Example for Free

The political decision-making process Essay The political decision-making process BY Mrcheeks707 The political decision-making process is so irrational that a completely rational approach to health policy-making can hardly be achieved. Support, debunk or provide alternative paradigms or approaches to this statement, focusing on the development of a particular policy area you are familiar with, and using analytic tools and frameworks in health policy analysis. This paper will begin by briefly examining the role of the state in health and how the state or political system is structured to meet this obligation. It will then describe the types of policy, the stages of policy aking, and the uniqueness of health policy making. Having provided a solid foundation for understanding the political and policy making system, in the context of the Trinidad and Tobago scenario, it will delve into analyzing the policy making process, and directly answer the central question of the rationality of policy making in an irrational framework of government structure. Weather policy is taught of as an intent, strategy, hypothesis, objective, goal, principle, or a learning process, it should include what governments say they will do, what they actually do and what they ecide not to do (Walt, 1994). Buse, Mays Walt, (2005 cited in Gilson L, ed. 2012, p. 28) went on to say that health policy also includes decisions made by the private sector and other actions taken outside of the health system, which can have influence on diverse aspects of citizens health. Lipksy (1980 cited in Gilson L, ed. 2012, p. 8) also argue that Health public policy, the term used to differentiate from the broader public policy, is essentially the routinely daily practices of policy actors and their decisions that have been translated from the formal documents, which may ometimes be far removed from the original intent. Regardless of whether the broader objectives focused on in macro/systemic polices of high politics or the finer special interests objectives being met in mic ro- sectoral polices of low politics, there is a general public policy process that should be followed (Evans and Newnham, 1992). To fully appreciate the impetus for health policy making in the public sector, one must understand the role of the state in formulating polices. As most develop and developing countries had been steered to accept the Keynsian philosophy, that f assuming the dominant responsibility in the provision of health services to the public amongst other social services (Walt, 1994), by the 1980s most states were beginning to relinquish its role in the direct provision of services. Despite governments continued attempts to divest the provision of health services to the private sector, urged in part by the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the diminishing resources of individual states, the critical health concerns of a nation will always mandate that some aspects of health care are treated at a central level. The complexities of health professionals training, controlling the spread of HIV and AIDS, and immunization of children, are too critical for a state to leave totally in the hands of private interest. So who or what is this state that has been entrusted with this responsibility of developing public policy, which ultimately impinges on every facet of citizens lives. This state, a subset of the wider political system, is composed of all the authoritative decision-making bodies of the society that maintains law and order while extracting and utilizing revenue, to provide services ncluding health ). Thus, based on the scarcity ot state resources, governments have no choice but to ration goods and services, even values, to varying and competing interest groups. This however, highlights the major flaw of the system model, in that it adopts the position that the state is impartial, and will distribute resources according to need rather than to the clout of interest groups. For one to fully understand the processes of policy making, one must examine it through the lens of policy theories. As macro theories place heavy emphasis on power in political ystems, which its effects are more systemic in nature than micro theories. While the more obvious internal political structure of a nation can facilitate or hinder participation in the policy making process, exogenous factors are a major yet less discernible factor. Therefore, it is dependent on the particular aspect of control that policy health actors are faced with, will direct the type of policy development processes undertaken. If the policy is within the control of Health, involves input to cross portfolio policy development, or involves input to intergovernmental policy evelopment. Amongst the many structures used to describe the policy processes Walt (1994) describes the most commonly used framework as a four step continuous cycle that moves through (1) problem identification and issue recognition/definition, (2) Policy formulation with clarification of policy issues and preferred options, (3) policy implementation (4) policy evaluation and review. Consultation occurs throughout this cycle. This was expanded upon in the NSW Health Department State Health Publication (1998) to include; a release of formal discussion paper and the evelopment of final policy paper, as two separate activities coming after policy formation. These two additional steps have become necessary, as the intended policy must be available to the general public and special interest groups, to illicit their views before it is adopted and sent before cabinet for approval. NSW Health Department State Health Publication (1998) provided twelve guidelines that will further assist in the rational process of a sound policy development process and promote the production of effective and high quality policy documents. These ecommendations places emphasis on the need to have prompt Justification about the reason for the policy, unambiguity as to who holds power over the final document to initiate the policy development process, and selecting appropriate person(s) and resources to undertake the process effectively within the required timeframe. There must also be consistency between micro and macro policies of the Government. NSW Health Department State Health Publication (1998) also urges that not only there should be timely participation of affected government stakeholders, there should be he lively discussion with Health Services and other key external stakeholders. Another area where Trinidad and Tobago can benefit greatly from is the recommendation that adequate testing be given for relevant options before implementation. Head (2008) would argue that for a truly rational approach to health policy making to occur, it must be centered on Evidence-based policy (EBP) making. This concept of EBP sits squarely in the Rational or Synoptic model, and reflects more of an aspiration that a state should acquire, rather than an accomplished outcome hat could be examined. The only way decision makers can realistically and comfortably make sensible selections would be through adopting EBP as a measure to guarantee dependability ot intormation regarding the efficiency and ettectiveness of adopting a particular course of action over other possible alternatives. It was under Prime Minister Blair, the then British Government saw the need for a more rational approach to policy making. They encouraged employing EBP as key trait in the new strategy to develop a logical method to policy development that will bring ncreased policy capability (UK Cabinet Office, 1999a cited in Head, 2008 p. 15). In Australia, Prime Minister Rudd (2008 cited in Head, 2008 p. 15-16) understood for there to be successful governance, decisions must hinge on ESP. In his 2008 address to the Heads of Agencies and Members of Senior Executive Service, he stated The Government will not adopt overseas models uncritically. Were interested in facts, not fads. Australian policy development should be informed by the best of overseas experience and analysis. Other measures include identification and resolution of inancial and staffing implications of policy. Consideration and response to consultation, communication, industrial and implementation issues. Provide for effective implementation and evaluation with performance targets, planning requirements and accountability arrangements identified. Effective use of Cabinet, Budgetary and Legislative processes of Government where required. Having reviewed these many components, hindrances, and best practices of rational policy making, tackling the fundamental question of the reality for there to be a rational approach to health policy-making? And is evident in Trinidad and Tobago, the answer will have to be no. This has become clear as in many instances the required processes that need to be undertaken are not always available to the policy makers. Issues with fully adopting a rational approach begin to surface almost immediately. From simply identifying what exactly the health system is faced with, to defining goals to address those problems, a plethora of impediments already exists to derail the intended logical policy process. Making rational decisions are also constrained by the decisions made by past administrations. This can be seen with the previous administration in Trinidad and Tobago, with the introduction of the CDAP. With such a program providing free prescription drugs for chronic diseases, often benefiting lower income groups, it would have been almost impossible for the new administration to reverse it, even after making negative statements towards such a program while in opposition.

Was Mozart the Greatest Composer Ever? :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Was Mozart the Greatest Composer in History?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart has to be the greatest composer to ever live. He and his sister were both considered very gifted child prodigies. He started composing music when he was four and he started to write minuets by the age of five. When Mozart was around eight or nine, he started to write symphonies. Mozart also played quite a few instruments. When he was three years old he was already playing the harpsichord. He also was very talented on the keyboard and played the violin very well. Mozart was so naturally gifted when it came to music that when he was blindfolded, he was able to recognize the played notes. This was said that he had â€Å"perfect pitch.† Another reason why he has to be the greatest composer is that he had the ability to write all the notes of the Miserere score from memory. His first opera was performed when he was eleven years old. It would only take him about two weeks to write an entire symphony or concerto. How many composers can do a n entire piece in such little amount of time? He wrote twenty seven piano concerti, which he also invented. Mozart was never a very healthy person, in fact, he was suffering some sort of illness. I believe that this makes him even more admirable because doing anything when your health isn’t good just makes things even more difficult. One time Mozart gave a series of twenty two piano concerts and conducted a few of them in a five week period. After his father died he became very depressed and his music turned dark and depressing as well. This makes him great because he would write from his heart and that showed in his music. He wouldn’t let a setback like his fathers death keep him from doing what he loves which is composing music. Mozart never stuck to one genre, he wrote many different types of music such as concertos, symphonies, and German style operas to name a few.